Calvin w



(No Model.)

O. W. OONKLIN.

SPRING TOOTH HARROW. No. 416,995. Patented Deo. 10, 1889.

Wrness es,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CALVIN IV. CONKLIN, OF AUBURN, NFV YORK, ASSIGNOR TO ALBERT M. NYE, OF SAME PLACE.

SPRING-TOOTH HARROW.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 416,995, dated December 10, 1889. Application iiled November 13, 1888. Serial No. 290,698. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CALVIN W. GONKLIN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Auburn, in the county of Cayuga and State of New York, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Spring-Tooth Harrows, of which the following is a specication.

The purpose of my improvements is to more effectively prevent clogging, to render the 1o draft more easy, to provide improved means for hinging together the sections of folding harrows, and to improve the harrow in other respects, all of which will be hereinafter more fully set forth. I attain these objects by employing means whichI will now proceed to describe, making reference in so doing to the .accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a top view of a harrow embodying my improvements; Fig. 2, a section in the 2o plane of the line oc of Fig. 1, viewed in the direction indicated by the arrow there shown; Fig. 3, a top view of one of the hinges, detached and enlarged; Fig. 4, a section in the plane of the line ce x of Fig. 3, viewed in the direction indicated by the arrow there shown 5 and Fig.

5 is a detail, the saine being a top view of a hinge and showinga modification in the construction of the same.

Like letters of reference indicate like parts.

A A represent sheets or plates of metal, preferably boiler-iron. I deem it best to make these plates, or to use plates, about three-sixteenths of an inch thick and in the form shown 5 but the thickness and form may be varied. These plates I hinge together after arranging them as shown-that is, so that the front lines of the harrow body, stock, or frame will recede or incline rearwardly as they extend toward the lateral edges or outer ends 4o of the said sheets or plates.

B B represent the hinges employed for the purpose referred to, and which I will hereinafter more fully describe. I may call attention, however, to the fact that these hinges 4 5 are applied to the inner or approximately adjacent edges of the said sheets or plates, substantially as shown.

In the plates or sheets A A are holes or openings a of, arranged apart from each other in substantially regular order; and D D are 5o spring-teeth applied to the upper sides of the said plates by means of clips E E, arranged in front of said openings, through which openings the said springs pass freely, the working ends of the springs being below the said plates, 5 5 as clearly indicated in Fig. 2.

As my invention does not particularly relate to the construction of the clips employed to secure the springs to the plates, and as any suitable clips may be employed for that purpose, I have not here fully described the construction of the same.

In order to facilitate the drawing or dragging of the harrow, or to enable it to ride easily over obstructions or uneven ground, and thereby lighten the draft, I deem it best, but not absolutely essential, to turn or bend the front edges or portions of the plates A A upward, as is clearly indicated in Fig. To aid in preventing the body or frame from be- 7o coming clogged orloaded with loose material, I deem it best, but not absolutely essential, to raise flanges c a about the holes ct a. The holes b b shown in Fig. 1 are made to receive the bolts which secure the clips to the plates, and the latter may be eountersunk, if deemed best, to protect the said bolts from wear.

The hinges B B, I construct as follows, my principal aim being to protect from wear the parts immediately composing the joint or 8o joints of the hinge. I will first describe a two-jointed hinge made to effect this purpose.

c is a block having laterally-extending pins or studs d d thereon, and also a laterally-extending portion d', which is pierced, as 8 5 indicated at c, Fig. 4, toreceive a bolt f.

g is a plate corresponding in form and size to the block c, and thisV block is pierced to pass upon the studs d d andalso to receive the bolt j'.

l clamp the parts c and. g together by means ofthe bolt f and a nut 7l, as is clearly indicated in Fig. It will be observed on reference to Fig. 4 that a space or recess if is thus left between the parts c and y.

' G G are arms turning on the pins d d. These arms, as shown in Figs. 1, 3, and 4, terminate at their outer ends in flattened tion.

portions j j to facilitate attachment to the plates A A. I desire to state, however, that these hinges need not be so flattened when employed to `connect the twin parts or halves of skeleton frames for spring-toothed harrows, or frames made of intersecting bars. In the latter case the bars themselves maybe pierced to turn upon the pins or studs d d. It will be perceived that the blocks c, as well as the plate g, shield or protect the parts G G at the joint made by them with the pins d d. It will also be perceived that all of the parts constituting the double hinge now described, when used in conjunction with the plates A A, being comparatively small, may be renewed or exchanged for other like part-s with facility and comparatively small expense. IVhen, however, the bars of a skeleton frame constitute a part of theI said hinge, the said bars will not only be protected from wear, as before stated, but the parts c and g, when too much worn in offering that protect-ion, may be easily replaced by like parts. It may be here noted that the plates A A themselves will afford protection to the hinges B B, the latter being placed above the former, as shown in Fig. l.

lVhile I have now described a doublejointed hinge having its joints protected, I desire also to state that a single hinge or joint may in like manner be protected without a substantial departure from my inven- Such a single hinge I have shown in Fig. 5, in which K represents a washer clamped upon a bolt passing through the arms G G. In order that this washer may afford this protection from wear to the joint, I arrange it in front of the forward arms G G. I make it of such size and shape that it will extend below, and, if need be, rearwardly and underneath the jointed parts it is inA tended to protect. It will be perceived that this piece or washer may be readily renewed whenever it becomes too much worn to perform its function. I desire further to say that I regard the part. II in a single joint as the mechanical equivalent of the parts c and g in the double joint first herein described. It will be perceived from the foregoing description that a harrow having` a body stock or frame made of sheet or plate metal presents no openings such as exist between the bars of skeleton harrow-flames, and that the clogging permitted by frames of the latter class cannot occur when the former mode of construction is employed. It will also be perceived that the upturued edge or forward portion of the twin plates A A adapt the harrow to ride easily over obstructions somewhat in the same mann er as a stone-boat will do. The draft therefore will be light. Some soils, it is well known, require a greater weight than a light harrow furnishes in order to cause the teeth to penetrate the ground sufficient-ly. Under such circumstances the driver may with comparative safety mount or ride upon a harrow having a plate-metal body, stock, or frame without other openings in it than are herein shown and described. The frame when constructed of plate metal is not only strong and durable but comparatively light. I believe also that a flat-bottomed frame results in causing the teeth to cut t-o a more uniform dept-h, and the frame, if it should ride upon' the ground, would leave the ground in a comparatively smooth condition. ceived that if the teeth may be adjusted, as heretofore has been done, in order to cause them to run either deep or shallow, they may also be adjusted to permit the frame to ride upon the ground.

The double hinge herein described permits the twin sides of the harrow to move freely when uneven ground is being worked and when obstructions are met.. The harrow may also be folded compactly for transportation. As before stated, these hinges may not only be arranged so as to be protected by the fram e, but the construction of the hinge itself is such that the joints are protected from wear; also, by making the hingein separable parts these parts may be renewed with facility after becoming much worn. I also desire to call attention to the fact that this removable shield may be applied with like effect to hinges having a single joint. I deem it preferable, however, to employ the double hinge, especially on harrows having a frame consisting of the plates A A; but these hinges whenever employed on harrows will tend to hold both sections of the frame together propperly and tend to prevent the harrow-teeth from trailing or following each other in the same furrow.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is*

l. -A harrow consisting, essentially, of 'a sheet or plate metal platform having therein the tooth-receiving openings a a and bent or curvilineal spring-teeth D D, adjustably applied to the said platform and passing downward through the said openings, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

2. rl`he combination, in aharrow, of a sheet or plate metal platform centrally jointed from front,to rear and having therein the holes or openings a a, the bent or curvilineal springteeth D D, extending downward through the said openings, and clips for securing the said teeth adjustably to the said platform, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

A harrow consisting, essentially, of a sheet or plate metal platform having therein the tooth -receiving openings a a, having flanges d a raised about them, and bent or curvilineal spring-teeth D D, adjustably ap plied to the said platform and passing downward through the said openings, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

4. The combination, with the hinges of a spring-tooth harrow, of a removable or re- It will be per? IIO placeable shield or joint-protector for pro- Signed at Auburn, in the county of Cayuga tecting the joint, substantially as and for the and State of New York, this 2d day of Noro purpose Specified. vember, A. D. 1888.

5. As 1.11 improved article of manufacture, a Spring-tooth barrow hinge having one or' more renewable parts or shields made and Witnesses: arranged for protecting' the hinge-joints from FRANK H. PULSIFER, wear by attrition with the ground. FREDRICK B. VANDENBERG.

CALVIN CONKLIN. 

